History Lesson Plan

LESSON PLAN

School                                : Global Islamic Boarding School

Subjects                             : History

Class / Semester                : X / 1

Competency Standards       : 1. Understanding the basic principles of historical science

Basic Competencies            : 1.1 Explain the meaning and scope of the science of history

Time Alocation                   : 5 x45 minutes

I. Indicators :

1.1.1Mention understanding the science of history according to the experts
1.1.2 Mention understanding of the scope of history
1.1.3 Explain the historical periodization
1.1.4 Explain the usefulness of history

II. Learning Objective:                    

Student able to :

      Mention understanding the science of history according to the experts

      Mention understanding of the scope of history

      Explain the historical periodization

      Explain the usefulness of history

III. Learning Materials                    

1.      The science of history according to the experts according to the experts.

History in the view of the figures

o According to Herodotus, history has not evolved to the front with less definite purpose, but moves like a circle of high and low due to the human condition.
o Ibn Khaldun defined as a record of history or civilization of the world community about the changes in the nature of that society.

o R. Moh. Ali says that the history of science in charge of investigating the changes or events that is reality.

o For Francis Bacon, in contrast to other scientific history because the history of studying things that range in time and space by using the instrument as essensialnya.

o In view of Vico, the history of science is the discipline of the first humans because humans can only understand what has made his own.

o According to Collingwood, history is a science or an answer to questions about issues of human actions in the past.

o In view Kuntowijoyo, history reveals a diachronic facts (related to the passage of time), ideographic (explained), unique (contains research that typically only applies to something at a particular time and place), and empirical (relying on human experience and deep really).

2. Understanding the scope of history

- The history of the event.

- History as a story.

- History as a science.

- History as art.

3. Periodization of history

Periodization of history is based on the mathematical order of time, but based on the actual problem or event. According to Moh. Yamin periodization of history is divided into Prehistoric Period and Period History.  Examples of historical periodization;
- The period in the century, for example: the 16th century, the 17th, the 17th and so on.
- Periodization by dynasty or king who rules, for example: the Balaputradewa Srivijaya, Majapahit period Hayam Wuruk, China during the Ming Dynasty.
- Periodization by the year of significant events, such as: Indonesia Period of Revolution (1945-1950), Indonesia's New Order period (1966-1998).
- Periodization by schools of thought, for example: Europe during the European Enlightenment and Romanticism

- Periodization which is Eropasentrisme grouped into:

a. Ancient Period I (prehistoric)
b. Antiquity II (age Hindu)
c. Age of Islam
d. Islamic era and the VOC
e. Colonial times (Dutch, English, and Japanese)
f. Age of independence  

- Periodization by Indonesia's National History Books;

a. Volume I: Prehistoric Period Indonesia
b. Volume II: Ancient Period (early AD-1600 AD)
c. Volume III: The Age of Islam (1600-1800)
d. Volume IV: Century 19 (1800-1900)
e. Volume V: National Revival Period and the end of the Dutch East Indies (1900-1942)
f. Volume VI: The Age of Independence-era Japan and the Republic of Indonesia (1942-present)
5. Benefits / Usefulness of history
Various kinds of uses of history:
- Uses educational (lesson)
- Usability instructive (Teaching)
- Usability Inspiring (Inspiration)
- Usability Rekreatis (Recreation)

IV. Learning Methods         

-          Studies library

-          Discuss

V. Learning Activities :

A. Introduction:

- Teachers say hello and invite students to pray before starting the learning process (strengthening religious values)

- Conditioning class: the teacher to prepare classes, attendance, and control the cleanliness class (kedisiplikan familiarize students in the classroom)

- Apperception: what you know about science history?

- Teachers motivate students to learn the spirit of (planting studious attitude) shows the reference books

- The teacher shows the learning objectives and learning model that will be used
 

   B. Main Activities:

a. Activity 1 (literature study)

ü  Preparing learning materials in the form of several references on the history

ü  Students individually read the references on the history of the (exploration) (curiosity)

ü   Assignment seeks to understand the meaning of history and historical view of the figures (intriguing)

ü   Document the findings in the record (communicative, honest, responsibility)

ü  Displaying results (elaboration)

ü  The questioning is based on the findings of the students' views of reference and look at examples of historical figures (polite, respectful opinion)

ü   The teacher agreed with the findings of the students (confirmation)

ü   The teacher provides reinforcement of the sense of history through the additional information

ü   The teacher directs students to take responsibility for returning a borrowed reference to the place

b. Activity 2 (literature study)

ü  Preparing learning materials in the form of several references on the history

ü   Students review the literature in the library to dig up information about the understanding of the scope of history (exploration)

ü  Students present their literature review that has been found (elaboration)

ü   Students create a summary together with the teachers about the understanding of the scope of the history of the (confirmation)

ü   The teacher provides an opportunity to ask for between teachers and students (polite, respectful opinion)

ü   The teacher directs students to take responsibility for returning a borrowed reference to the place

c. Activity 3 (Discussion)

ü  Teachers beginning to explore the potential of students and at the same time motivating students to speak according to knowledge and experience relating to the understanding of the chronology / periodicity of history.

ü  Divide the students into two groups (being fear)

ü  Group 1 was assigned to search for information related to the chronology of the history of the (exploration)

ü  Group 2 was given the task to create a timeline  about the chronology of the history of the (democratic, communicative)

ü  The discussion of each group is written on the paper width (honest)

ü  Then each group presented the results of discussions in class.

ü  Each presentation group, giving the group another chance to respond, ask questions, suggestions, feedback. (Elaboration) (polite, communicative)

ü  Presentation is inseparable from the direction and guidance of teachers.

ü  The end of each core activity students are asked to make inferences or vital records (confirmation)

ü  The teacher reminds students to be honest, hard work, tolerance, and democratic during the discussion

d. Activity 4 (Discussion)

ü Teachers convey an understanding of the benefits of history.

ü In the delivery of these materials, teachers emphasize student participation to provide the benefits of the assumptions and views history through discussions in small groups (exploratory)

ü  Teachers appoint one representative to convey the assumption of the group (elaboration)

ü The teacher asks the students to make conclusions based on the assumption that point acquired (confirmation) (responsible, courteous, respectful opinion)

ü Before ending process of learning the teacher gives students the opportunity to ask questions about the material that has not been understood (curious)

ü The teacher reminds students to be honest, hard work, tolerance, and democratic during the discussion

C. Closing:

- Teachers guide students to make conclusions from the results of learning activities for each student (or reflection)

- The teacher asked some students to measure students' understanding of the material (feedback/quis)

- Teachers provide PT / KMTT students create a time line / time line of periodization of history in Indonesia and studied the subsequent material that is the tradition in the history of Indonesian society and the script praaksara (applying curiosity, independent, creative).

VI. Learning Resources

• Alfian, Magdalena, dkk. 2003. Sejarah SMA dan MA Kelas X. Jakarta: ESIS.
• Tim Penyususn. 2005. Sejarah Kelas X. Klaten: Cepaka Putih.
• Kasdi, Amunuddin. 2005. Memahami Sejarah. Surabaya: Unipress.
• Mind map

VII. Assessment                                

v  Instrument:

Instrument 1 (oral)

§  Make your family tree, then write your family history in the form of a bouquet!

Instrument 2 (oral)

§  Analyze and discuss the writing of history why it can be classified as events, stories, science, and art!

Instrument 3 (assignment-do worksheet)

§  Make a periodization of your life from birth to date in the form of time line on a piece of paper!

Instrument 4 (oral)

§  Make a bouquet of analysis of the demands of reviewing and rewriting the history of Indonesia!

v  Technical assessment

ü Written test

v  Forms of Instruments

ü  Multiple-Choice Test

ü  Essay

                                                                                              Barito Kuala,………......

Principal                                                                                  History teacher

……………………........                                                        ........................................

NIP/NRK.......................                                                         NIP/NRK.......................

Family

Ini tentang keluargaku,,

Sejak kecil aku hidup di sebuah desa di pinggiran perbatasan Bojonegoro dan Lamongan. Rumahku memang jauh dari Bengawan Solo yang selalu langganan banjir setiap musim hujan, tetapi bila hutan di Lamongan tidak mampu menahan resapan air, rumahku pun kebanjiran. Banjir yang melanda rumahku akibat kiriman debit air dari kali di baguan hulu. Seperrti pertengahan tahun lalu rumahku terendam 50 sentimeter. Rumah yang hanya beralaskan tanah itupun menjadi superbecek dan lembab. Butuh waktu dua minggu untuk mengerigkannya. Biasanya ayah mencangkulinya agar air tidak terlalu menggenang, lalu ditaburi awu layan[1] atau dedek persak[2]. Namun tidak semua orang menggunakan cara itu, sebagian besar memanfaatkan sinar matahari untuk pengeringan secara alami. Sedangkan untuk melewati ruangan demi ruangan, kami biasanya memasang papan-papan kayu sebagai loncatan.

Sampai saat ini, ketika usiaku menginjak seperempat abad dan akan mempunyai seorang jagoan, rumahku masih tetap saja sama. Rumah klasik khas Jawa Timur, tetapi bukan Joglo, dengan cat merah tua yang sudah lama memudar dan berdinding dipan. Rumahku lebih rendah daripada jalan di depannya, itu mengapa selalu tergenang air. Aku punya keinginan akan mempertinggi ponsdasinya kelak jika sudah cukup modal nantinya. Sebenarnya, aku juga ingin merenovasi rumah sebagaimana yang selalu aku impikan saat ini. Desain rumah sederhana yang lengkap. Memiliki taman kecil di depan, karena tanahnya terbatas. Lalu ada mushola di kanan ruang tamu. Ada mini pustaka dan ruang keluarga yang menyatu dengan ruang makan. Kamarnya ada lima buah, satu kamar utama, satu kamar untuk ayah dan ibu, dan ketiga kamar lainnya untuk anak-anakku kelak, atau setidaknya bisa untuk kamar tamu jika ada saudara atau teman yang menginap. Di pojok rumah sebelah kiri ada kamar mandi dan tempat wudhu serte cuci. Di sampingnya ada ruang maintenance untuk menyetrika, lalu dapur, dan gudang. Aku sengaja mendesain garasi kecil di kiri ruang tamu dan teraas kecil juga di kiri rumah untuk bersantai dan menikmati anak-anak kecil bermain bola di sore hari di tanah persegi warisan nenek yang entah saudara ibu yang mana yang akan mewarisinya.

Rumahku adalah surgaku. Aku selalu memimpikan itu. Aku pun sudah mendesain perabot di dalamnya cukup sederhana. Memanfaatkan perabot lama yang sudah ada, sedikit memolesnya dan menyesuaikan dengan keadaan rumah. Perabotan di rumah masih terpelihara dengan bagus dan awet. Ada jubung[3] warisan nenek, mbayang bangku[4] juga mebeler kenanganku yang ayah beli waktu aku belum mengenal sekolah. Seingatku, mebeler itu pernah ditawar menantunya mnatan lurah di desaku untuk diangkut ke rumahnya di Nganjuk, tapi ayah bersikukuh tidak menjualnya. Mebeler itu sudah berkali-kali menemani kami, bahkan ketika banjir. Selain usianya yang sudah puluhan tahun dan bahannya yang bermutu dari kayu jati kualitas super, penutup busanya terbuat dari kulit berwarna hitam yang mirip kulit gajah. Wajar jika tak cukup satu orang untuk mengangkatnya. Sedangkan perbaotan yang lain, sudah ku desain juga dengan konsep minimalis  nan serasi. Namun, mungkin aku harus berbesar hati jika suamiku masih berkeinginan untuk tetap mempertahankan bentuk rumah apa adanya. Heeem, mungkin nanti jika waktunya tetap aku akan mendiskusikannya agar sama-sama tidak kecewa. Semoga..

Aku juga membuat desain rumah yang serupa untuk rumah emak dan bapak yang nantinya akan di tempati oleh adikku. Bentuknya memnag lebih sederhana, tetapi ruanganya hamper sama, yang membedakan hanya jumlah kamar tidurnya saja. Di balakang rumah emak ada sedikit kebun yang menurut desainku cocok uktuk ditanami tumbuhan berbuah, tanaman obat, rempah-rempah, dan sedikit sentuhan tanaman pangan seperti singkong. Mushola tidak ku desain di dalam rumah, karena di depan rumah sudah ada langgar peninggalan kakek yang cukup unik dan hanya satu-satunya yang ada di desaku. Kemudian bekas took pupuk yang dulu pernah disewa orang orang, akan aku sulap menjadi toko pakaian kecil, karena kupikir agak berlebihan bila menyebutnya dengan ‘butik’, dan toko alak tulis kantor yang memiliki fotokopi. Toko pakaiannya menyediakan pakaian muslim lengkap dengan jilbab dan aksesoris. Sebagai aksen aku tambahkan mini display yang menghadap ke jalan dan satu ruang pass kecil. Aku juga tambahkan rak kecil untuk display batik Madura dan Sasirangan, tentu saja ada batik jenogoroan dan batik Jawa. Satu kelebihan lagi, aku tambahkan aneka daster mengingat kaum ibu saat ini gemar sekali memakainya. Harga akan dipatok cukup terjangkau, tidak boleh kredit kecuali dengan uang muka minimal 50% sebagai pembelian awal dan sisanya kan diangsur dua kali. Ini penting mengingat orang di desaku sangat bergantung pada hasil panen sawah mereka untuk melakukan transaksi dan memutar orda perekonomian.

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[1] Hasil sisa pembakaran dari tungku yang terbuat dari tanah liat dan kulit padi.

[2] Kulit padi yang terpisah dari bulirnya.

[3] Lemari dari kayu jati tebal berbentuk kotak dan memiliki pengait yang bisa dibuka.

[4] Tempat tidur kuno yang memiliki sandaran di salah satu sisinya

History Module

Topic: Basic Principles of Historical Science

There are several terms that use the word history, among them: a teacher of history, civil history, logging history, historical actors and witnesses of history, as well as historical researcher and writer of history. So what it's history?

1. Understanding History by Content Standards (National Curriculum)

History is a branch of science that examines the origins and development as well as the role of society in the past based on the specific methods and methodology. Related to education in schools, knowledge of the past that contains the values ​​of wisdom can be used to train the intellect, shape attitudes, character and personality of the learner.

2. Understanding History in General

The word history comes from the Arabic syajarotun which means tree. This word later evolved into the root meaning, descent, origin, history and genealogy.
In English, the word history is known as history, which comes from the Greek meaning Istoria science. The German word Geschichte history referred to, which means something is happening.

Historians give meaning or definition of a variety of history, though in fact almost the same. Understanding the history from  historians, among others, as follows: "History does not develop toward the front with a definite purpose, but moves like a high-low perimeter caused by the human condition."  The first historian Herodotus is known as the Greek world. Therefore, he earned the nickname The Father of History or the father of his book entitled Mukadimah, it defines the history is "a record of human society or civilization of the world and about the changes that occur in the nature of that society."

In a book titled Indonesian General Dictionary, historical mentioned three terms as follows: (1) Old literature, genealogy, the origin; (2) Events and events that actually happened in the past; (3) Science, learning about the events and stories of events that actually happened in the past.

Introduction In the book History of Indonesia emphasized the word history means as follows: (1) A number of changes, events and events in the reality around us; (2) The story of the changes, events and events that are the reality; (3) Science is in charge of investigating the changes, incidents and events that is reality.

Kuntowijoyo (1995: 12-17) mentions the sense of history is as follows:
a. Is the science of human history.

Only tells the story of human history, because: the universe into the study of astronomy; shifts in the earth in the past is the study of geology; the fossils to study anthropology, and heritage objects to study archeology.

b. History is the science of time.

Discus the history  of  development,  continuity, repetition and changes in society.
c. History is the science of something that has social significance.

Not all events are important for development and change in society. Currently, women who became the creator of the song was used, but not so with the first woman to be a songwriter.

d. History is the science of something specific, and detailed one.

History is a certain history, not in general, because it should be clear. History is the science of the only (unique) because it had to write the history of the events, places, and the time it happened only once. History should be detailed (detail) because history is not limited to big things.

 

Ismaun (1992: 17-19) mentions that history as a story is a story drawn from memory, impression, or a human interpretation of the event or events that occur or take place in the past. In  writing story that history, we can read in history books, magazines, or newspapers. We can hear it verbally in narrative, discourse, conversations, school history, or from radio and television broadcasts, it can even be seen in the drama or film.
As a story, it’s nature depending on who is telling. Every human has diverse personality that reflected in what he told. Stories in the history of the apartment by an author can indirectly describe the properties that affect writers, such as personal circumstances, and her social ideals, as well as vocabulary knowledge on the history and environment.

 

Ismaun (1992: 13-17) mentions that the history of the event is an event, reality, history in concreto really happened or took place in the past Lead Time. What is happening and is formed in the past events. Particularly with respect to all the events of human life including the history of  the conversation. The number of events in the past is not infinite. Imagine how many events on this earth, since earth was created by a second ago.

Events in the past although it is not there anymore, impressions (for partial or total) lived imprint in human memory. But human memory is limited. Humans are generally unable to recall the entire incident was experienced and he could not ever remember one incident in full. Because many occasions in the past who "disappeared" and among the "lost" that most of us have not been able to find again.

Kuntowijoyo (1995: 60-64) mentions that history  as a science has scientific principles, namely:

a. Empirical history. History is very dependent on human experience recorded in the document. So, even  there is a fundamental difference with the natural sciences, history similar to the natural sciences because both based on experience, observation, and absorption. The difference, in the natural sciences experimental observations can be repeated, while history may not repeat the experiment.

b. History has object. The difference between a history  with the natural sciences is on the object. Natural sciences observe the objects being studied human history. They were not thinking that while human thought and conscience.

c. It has a history of the theory. Just like any other science, history also has a theory of knowledge. Theories in general contain a pool's law on basic principles of a science.
d. It has a history of generalization. Just like any other science, history also draws general conclusions.
e. It has a history of the method. For the study, history has its own method of using the observations. History method requires people to be careful and  should  not draw too bold conclusions without a detailed study.

 

Kuntowijoyo (1995: 67-70) mentions that history as an art because:
a. History requires intuition or inspiration.

Historians require immediate and instinctive understanding during the study period. Often happen to choose an explanation, not a science equipment running but intuition. To get intuition historians have to work hard with the existing data. This is different to the author's intuition historians, as historians should be aware of their data.
b. History requires imagination.

In his work, historian must be able to imagine what is happening before, and what happens after that. Historians are required to be able to imagine the rivers, forests, beaches, villages, castles, mosque, and other places in accordance with the historical events it studies.

c. History requires emotion.

Writers of history should empathize, together with its object feelings. Historians are expected to present its object as if the reader has join incident. Writing history with emotion, but faithful to the facts is essential for the inheritance.

c. History needs a style.

Styles do not mean good style flowery language. Convoluted style and no obvious systematic is the language of the poor. In historical writing, a description of it as a naturalistic painting, which is required is the ability to write down the details.

The series of  events of human history since human begin until now are events ongoing or continuous. Ruslan Abdul Gani said that the science of history is like a vision of three dimensions: first, seeing into the past, both to the present, and the third to the future (to study history is to study the past to built the future).

Sense of time in this case must be regarded as an ever moving from the previous period to subsequent periods and give birth to new events are interrelated so that history will never stop (stagnant). Science knows the history of the concept of "change (change)". Development since the existence of human life at the present time which called evolution occurs very slowly. When the changes take place quickly and fast called fundamental revolution.

* Pantarei, meaning nothing is changed, everything is flowing, the community at anytime move and change (Heraclitus).

7. Periodization and Chronology of History

Chronology means in accordance with the time sequence. Historical events will always take place in the order of time so that historical events do not happen by jump-jump sequence of time, or even reversed the order of time (anakronis). Understanding of history that is anakronis (not chronological) will cause confusion will even make a wrong understanding of history. Chronology as a basic science study the history of the chronicle (calendar system) used in various places and various times as well as translating a calendar system to other calendar systems. It is not easy because so many calendar systems never apply in different parts of the world by using a base and a different way of calculation.

Chronicles is the story or history that is told in chronological order. In Europe in the days of early Christianity and medieval written many historical works called annal and chronicles. Proficiency level is based on the history of their times. Distinguish if the annal is important notes events and usually in short sentences, then chronicles the events depict a wider audience.

Periodization is the division of events or stages of a very long past a few times. Preparation of the periodicity in the writing of history aims as follows:

1. Facilitate the study of History

he events of the past are so long and many are grouped, simplified and condensed into a few periods, making it easier to understand the history.

2. Understanding Events In Chronological History

Historical periods should be arranged chronologically. Historical events should be grouped and arranged in chronological order of events. Thus allows the reader to understand the chronological history of the long periods that are interrelated with each other.

....... – 400       : Prehistoric Period Indonesia
400 – 1500      : The Age of Hindu-Buddhist influence and growth of Islam
1500 – 1670    : The Age of the Islamic Empire and Start Loading and Expansion of Western Influence VOC
1670 – 1800    : The Conquest by the VOC
1800 – 1811    : The Government of Herman W. Daendels
1811 – 1816    : The Government of Thomas Stamford Raffles (English)
1816 – 1830    : The Commissioner General of the Government and Opposition against the Dutch Colonial Government
1830 -1870      : Cultivation System by Governor General Van den Bosch
1870 – 1942    : Colonial and Liberal Economic System Ethically Politic
1908 – 1908    : The National Movement
1942 – 1945    : The Japanese Occupation
1945 -1949      : Maintaining the Independence Struggle
1949 – 1950    : The Government of RIS
1950 – 1959    : Implementation of the Parliamentary Liberal System
1959 – 1966    : The period of Guided Democracy
1966 – 1998    : The New Order
1998 – present : Reform Era

Awareness is also known as awareness of the history of the movement. A nation is a social group in terms of  the various terms have a lot of difference. The formation of a nation due to the similarity of the desire to make history in the future. For example, the Nation of Indonesia since prehistoric times has had a similarity history.
Personality and national identity of a nation formed from the overall experience of the history of a nation. Personality of a person or a nation is often said to be unique or distinctive.

History in the form of the story is often a source of fascinating reading. Iwan Simatupang writers who record the state of the mid-1960s with the nuances of historical narrative prologue event G 30 S / PKI 1965.

8. Usefulness of History in Public Life
a. Creates realistic  awareness
b. Provide a good lesson
c. Strengthen a sense of nationalism
d. Give firmness identity of a nation's personality
e. Source of inspiration
f. As a means of recreation

Formative TEST
Exercise 1. Multiple Choices
GENERAL Guidance
Choose one of the most appropriate answer! (Score every answer correct is 1)
A. In general, one of the true sense of history is ... .
a. Events and past events that will happen in the future
b. These changes and events that occur every day around us
c. Cer ita or record the story's tent at au ang dupan lives, noble family in the past
d. The study of the events that actually happened in the past
e. Collection of relics or evidence of past events in the form of objects
Answer: d

2. Where is the sense of history is right in Kuntowijoyo? History is the science ....
a. human
b. the universe
c. per shift of the earth in the lal u
d. heritage objects
e. human fossils
Answer: a
3. Why is history a science unique? Because of the history ....
a. is common in any human being
b. not limited to big things
c. did not clear when and where the
d. includes all instances in the past
e. mer upakan events that occur only once
Answer: e

4. Why is the story of its history depends on who's telling? One is as a historical narrative indirectly ....
a. political parties have an interest in the author
b. authors describe the vocabulary knowledge
c. show evidence of the occurrence of events
d. mewak ili ta ci-ideals and expectations of the readers
e. describe personal traits reader
Answer: b
5. What is the history of the event?
a. number of instances in the past an infinite
b. events in the past that no longer exists
c. events that really happened in the past
d. impressions in the minds of people about an event
e. Genesis's in the past is lost from human memory
Answer: c

Exercise 2. TEST Essay (maximum score of 6)
Following these Questions by Explaining them briefly and accurately!
1. Write down the sense of history as a story! (Maximum score 3)
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2. Compare understanding history as a science with history as art  each of  the three elements!
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STRUCTUR TASK

Participants in the dik in small groups to discuss making a timeline mapping or periodization of history in Indonesia and in books written record of each.

INDEPENDENT TASK

Students individually to find from the library or from the internet about the history of the sample as a story and events.

ANSWER KEY EVALUATION

Check your answer with the answer key below. Maximum score is 14 or equal to a value of 100. If your score is above or equal to 10.5 (value of 75, according to KKM), you are welcome to continue the lesson to the next module. If not finished, try to learn again the things you have not mastered.

Maximum score of 3

- The story of narrative

- Compiled from memory, impression, or a human interpretation of the event or events that occur or take place in the past.

- Day-to-day is known as a story.

A maximum score of 6

Three of five of the following: History of the empirical, has a objects (object of study / field of study), theories, generalizations, and methods (scientific methods)
Three out of four of the following: History requires intuition, imagination, emotion, style, and language.